|
|
Regulation of histone post-translational modifications and its use in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer
Marada, Kryštof ; Janoštiak, Radoslav (advisor) ; Červená, Klára (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to summarize the epigenetic mechanisms, namely DNA methylation, non-coding RNA and post-translational modification of histones, within the scope of which the five currently most researched types are described, i.e. acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation and sumoylation. Furthermore, a summary of the modifying enzymes whose function is to add and remove these epigenetic components. And also the description of the proteins that recognize these components. The following is a description of how epigenetic processes are involved in the course of cancer. The remaining part of the work is devoted to lung cancer, its most common causes, what methods are currently used to treat it, and how post-translational modifications of histones could be used in its treatment. Most of this chapter is devoted to histone deacetylase inhibitors, as these inhibitors represent potential as a new component of lung cancer treatment, which also makes them the target of much research.
|
|
|
Comparing the effectiveness of selected methods of cancer treatment. Prostate cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer via survival analysis
Šimonková, Karolína ; Šimpach, Ondřej (advisor) ; Pechholdová, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with various ways of treatment of selected oncological diseases and the effectiveness of treatment methods and evaluation of the influence of various factors influencing the survival of patients. The activity of individual healing processes is evaluated by survival analysis. The subjects of the study are patients with breast, lung and prostate cancer. The survival analysis considers the sex of the patient, the age and stage of his illness, and other factors to avoid distorted results. The aim of the work is to find out the effects of selected therapeutic procedures on patients' health and to identify factors that have a significant impact on the survival of patients. The data for the diploma thesis was provided by the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, the Statistical Office, the National Cancer Register (NOR), the US SEER database and the German Breast Cancer Study.
|
|
|
The Nurse's Role in the Education of Adolescents on the Risk of Lung Cancer Within Primary Prevention.
BENEŠ, Jiří
The submitted bachelor thesis deals with the problematics of education of teenagers at the risk of lung cancer within the primary prevention. The goal of our thesis was to determine the knowledge of teenagers related to prevention of lung cancer. To determine whether teenagers try to take precautions and also to chart the educational proccess provided by a nurse in the pulmonary department and at the practitioner, in connection with lung cancer. To fulfill the goals we have used the help of the three following questions. What knowledge do teenagers have about the primary prevention of lung cancer? How do they take precautions to lung cancer? What does the educational proccess, led by a nurse at a practitioner and in the pulmonary department of teenagers about lung cancer, look like? For the execution of the research survey we have chosen the qualitative approach with the help of a semi-structured interview. The research sample consisted of 8 probands aged 15-21 years. 4 of them were smokers and 4 non-smokers, women and men. The other 4 probands were employed in the area of a general nurse or a pediatric nurse and they worked in the pulmonary department or at the practitioner. Results of the research survey have shown that the knowledge and skills in the area of prevention of lung cancer are deficient in the by us chosen research sample. Furthermore, the research survey has revealed a problem connected to the education of teenagers at the side of nurses. The range of the education carried out by nurses is very narrow and only if they found a person a risky one. Our research survey opens a space for deeper surveys aimed at health education of teenagers regarding the harmful effects of smoking and at the role of a nurse within raising the education.
|
|
|
Economic valuation of radon mitigation countermeasures applied in family houses
Černý, Petr ; Sieber, Patrik (advisor) ; Krause, Josef (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to valuate economic effectivity of radon mitigation countermeasures co-financed by the state applied in family houses which display high radon level. Feasibility of the mitigation is analysed without concering financing source. Furthermore, the project is valuated from the point of view of the house owner and from the state's point of view. Presence of residental radon is increasing lung cancer probability, radon has notable healt effects. Costs and benefit of the hypothetic project are vauated in CBA analysis. The author finds the project unfeasible. CBA is discussed as a suitable economic tool for fiding alternative technological method aiming to social effectivity. Providing feasible change of remediation parametres caused positive social value of the project, socioeconomic flow in the state point of view would remain negative. Therefore, state participation on the radon mitigation countermeasures of private family houses is not reccomended.
|
guest ::
